Homer tells in the Iliad Troy and its surroundings during 730's B.C.E. in a very detailed manner. Especially 24th episode of the Iliad there are many details about Troy and its environment.
Arrow heads and catapult stones found in Troy / Weapons mentioned in the Iliad and which are archeologically valid. The Poet or the people who give him informations must have observed very good: Karamenderes plain, the coast which in his time was already filled (Beşik Koyu), the places like Bozcaada (Tenedos), Gökçeada (Imbros) and Semadirek (Samothrake) islands and Kaz Dağları (İsa Dağı) where can be seen very clear from Troy are described in the Iliad with great details. Homer experts argue that it would be impossible to describe the surroundings without seeing them. At the same time, the details of the city where Trojan War happened matches with archeological findings in Hisarlık Tepe (Troy/Ilios, Wilusa, Truisa). TIn the large lower city, which was discovered by M. Osman Korfmann's excavations, the defense wall which surrounds the lower city, and around this wall, the defense trench against the chariots are examples of these descriptions. Again in recent excavations many signs were found that Troy VIIa (1180 B.C.E.) was collapsed through a war. Bodies left without burrying, arrow heads, fire and destruction signs everywhere in the city indicate us a lost war.