The excavations of Dörpfeld revealed almost all the parts of the walls? of Troy, but despite of its magnificient walls, the settlement area was small and therefore the excavations continued in the areas outside of the walls. But no concrete evidence found regarding the lower city. The same problem also considered in Carl Blegen's excavations made between 1932 and 1938. Blegen spend enormous effort to find a lower city and the cemetery (nekropol), but since the Graeco-Roman settlement destroyed the structures outside of the walls, no evidence was found. Only a cemetery from around 1300's B.C.E. was found but since the acquired data were too weak, the works didn't continue.
In 1988, Prof. M. Osman Korfmann began to employadvanced archaeological techniques like Magnetometry and GPR (Ground Penetratng Radar). He found a defense trench carved in a bedrock about 400 m. south to the walls. Other than this, in His team also unearthed architectural traces and large number of pottery sherds dated to late Bronze Age (Homeric Troy VI-VII). The results of the excavations until Korfmann's death in 2005 show that in late 2000's B.C.E., Troy was as large as 300 000 m², 15 times larger than thought previously. The ruins of the lower city, with the walls, might have been a great spectacle for Homer (or his informants), when he was writing down the Iliad around 700 B.C.E. The remains revealed a Troy that was an important part of the commercial and cultural network of Anatolia and the Near East.
